These Computer related full forms are very very important for beginners !!!

 

ALL WORDS FULLFORM   RELATED COMPUTER

PC : PERSONAL COMPUTER

CPU : CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT

OS : OPERATING SYSTEM

GUI : GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE

UPS : UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY

RAM : RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY

ROM : READ-ONLY MEMORY

LCD : LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY

LED : LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE

NTFS : NEW TECHNOLOGY FILE SYSTEM

FAT : FILE ALLOCATION TABLE

DOC : DOCUMENT

TXT = TEXT

MS : MICROSOFT

SD : SECURE DIGITAL

MMC : MULTIMEDIA CARD

CD : COMPACT DISC

DVD : DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC

BRD – BD : BLU-RAY DISC

ISO : INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION

DB : DATABASE

IC : INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

SYS : SYSTEM

CONFIG : CONFIGURATION

CTRL : CONTROL

ALT : ALTERNATE

ESC : ESCAPE

DEL : DELETE

NUM LOCK : NUMBER LOCK

FN : FUNCTION

PrtScn = Prt Scr = Print Scrn = Prt Scn = Prt Sc = Prt Scrn = Prnt Scrn : PRINT SCREEN

SysRq : SYSTEM REQUEST

ScrLk : SCROLL LOCK

PgUp : PAGE UP

PgDn : PAGE DOWN

Ins : INSERT

WINXP : WINDOWS XP

WIN7 : WINDOWS 7

SP : SERVICE PACK

CMD : COMMAND

TEMP : TEMPORARY

WMP : WINDOWS MEDIA PLAYER

MP3 : MOVING PICTURE EXPERTS GROUP PHASE 3 (MPEG-3)

MPEG : MOVING PICTURE EXPERTS GROUP PHASE (MPEG)

MPEG 1 : MOVING PICTURE EXPERTS GROUP PHASE 1 (MPEG-1)

MPEG 2 : MOVING PICTURE EXPERTS GROUP PHASE 2 (MPEG-2)

JPG : JOINT PHOTOGRAPHIC EXPERTS GROUP

AVI : AUDIO VIDEO INTERLEAVE

WMV : WINDOWS MEDIA VIDEO

GIF : GRAPHICS INTERCHANGE FORMAT

RGB : RED – GREEN – BLUE

CMYK : CYAN – MAGENTA – YELLOW – KEY (BLACK)

ACPI : ADVANCED CONFIGURATION AND POWER INTERFACE

APM : ADVANCED POWER MANAGEMENT

REGEDIT : REGISTRY EDITOR

PRO : PROFESSIONAL

BAT : BATCH

GPEDIT : GROUP POLICY EDITOR

OSK : ON-SCREEN KEYBOARD

COM : COMPONENT OBJECT MODEL

USB : UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS

IT : INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

NET : INTERNET

IP : INTERNET PROTOCOL

AP : ACCESS POINT

DNS : DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM

HTTP : HYPERTEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL

HTTPS : HYP                                     ERTEXT TRANSFER PROTOCOL SECURE

HTML : HYPERTEXT MARKUP LANGUAGE

PHP : HYPERTEXT PREPROCESSOR

XML : EXTENSIBLE MARKUP LANGUAGE

CSS : CASCADING STYLE SHEETS

ASP : ACTIVE SERVER PAGES

SQL : STRUCTURED QUERY LANGUAGE

WWW : WORLD WIDE WEB

.COM : COMMERCIAL

.NET : NETWORK

.ORG : ORGANIZATION

.EDU : EDUCATIONAL

.GOV : GOVERMENTAL

.INFO : INFORMATION

.BIZ : BUSINESS

.BD : BANGLADESH

.US : UNITED STATE

.UK : UNITED KINGDOM

TLD : TOP-LEVEL DOMAIN

DL : DOWNLOAD

UL : UPLOAD

PR : PAGE RANK

SEO : SEARCH ENGINE OPTIMIZATION

CEO : CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

E-MAIL : ELECTRONIC MAIL

SMS : SHORT MESSAGE SERVICE

MMS : MULTIMEDIA MESSAGING SERVICE

PW – PASS – P.CODE – CODE : PASSWORD

AP : ALERTPAY

MB : MONEYBOOKERS

PP : PAYPAL

LR : LIBERTY RESERVE

INFO : INFORMATION

LAN : LOCAL AREA NETWORK

WLAN : WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK

NAT : NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION

UPDATE : UP-TO-DATE

IDM : INTERNET DOWNLOAD MANAGER

DAP : DOWNLOAD ACCELERATOR PLUS

KB : KILOBYTE

MB : MEGA BYTE

GB : GIGA BYTE

GiB : GIBI BYTE

TB : TERA BYTE

TiB : TEBI BYTE            

PB : PETA BYTE

PiB : PEBI BYTE

EB : EXA BYTE

EiB : EXBI BYTE

ZB : ZETTA BYTE

ZiB : ZEBI BYTE

YB : YOTTA BYTE

YiB : YOBI BYTE

GOOGLE : GOOGLE IS NOT AN ABBREVIATION . IT IS DISTORTED FORM OF GOOGOL NUMBER (10 TO THE POWER OF 100) , THAT IS 1 FOLLOWED BY 100 ZEROS (0) .

YAHOO : YET ANOTHER HIERARCHICAL OFFICIOUS ORACLE                            

INTEL : INTEGRATED ELECTRONICS

HP : HEWLETT PACKARD

LG : LIFE’S GOOD

IBM : INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES

IPV4 : INTERNET PROTOCOL VERSION 4

IPV6 : INTERNET PROTOCOL VERSION 6

WI-FI : WIRELESS FIDELITY

VOIP : VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL

RSS : REALLY SIMPLE SYNDICATION

URL : UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATOR

FAQ : FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

DMCA : DIGITAL MILLENNIUM COPYRIGHT ACT

ISP : INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER

SAME THINGS DIFFRENT NAME :

* FLASH DRIVE = THUMB DRIVE = PEN DRIVE + USB DRIVE

* TURN OFF = SHUTDOWN

* REBOOT = RESTART

* LOG IN = LOGIN = LOG ON

* MPEG = MPG = MP1 = MP2 = MP3 = M1V = M1A = M2A = MPA = MPV (FILENAME EXTENSION)

* JPG = JPEG = JPE = JIF = JFIF = JFI

We will add more word soon .

 

Computer Fundamentals

What is Computer?

A computer is an electronic device, which accepts data and instructions, processes the data according to the instructions, and gives the result on the prescribed output device.

What is Computer?


The word “Computer” comes from the word “Compute”, which means a calculator. So a computer is normally considered to be a calculating device that can perform the arithmetic operation at enormous speed.


Computer Limitation:-

Computer Cannot Think on its own or corrects logical errors. It cannot learn the task by experience.


Advantages of Computer :


Speed:- The computer has tremendously high speed and can perform millions of calculations per second.

Storage:- A computer can store a large volume of data and instructions that can be made available instantaneously.

Accuracy:- Computer 100% accurate and doesn't make mistakes on its own. Errors in the desired output are because of the wrong feeding of data or instructions from the user's side and hence one can completely rely on it.


What is Information System:

Hardware:- These are the physical parts of a computer, such as Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, System Unit & other Devices the Hardware is controlled by the Software.


Data:- It consists of the RAW, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, Images & Sounds. Examples of raw Facts are the hours you worked and your pay rate. After data is processed through the computer. It is usually called INFORMATION. An example of such information is the total wages earned by you in a month.


History of Computer:

The first major development comes in 1835 when CHARLES BABBAGE Is the Father of the Computer, devised a Machine.



Charles Babbage father of computer


Invented a mechanical device called a “Difference Engine” which could carry out a sequence of mathematical operations, one at a time.

Click here →Generation of Computer:


Click here →Types of Computers:
           
Working of Computer:

1.Hardware:- It is a set of physical parts of a Computer i.e. Mechanical Electrical and Electronic parts of the Computer.


2.Software:- It Contains Programs that instruct a computer how to process data and generate the required information.


3.Human ware:- Person who operate the computer and also those who write the program i.e. Operator, Programmers Etc.

Computer Follows I-P-O cycle, Firstly the required instructions and data are accepted from the user with the help of the input device, it is sent to the central processing unit for the processing and the result of processing is taken onto the output device. E.g. to produce finished cloth raw material like cotton is taken into the factory (input). This cotton is then introduced to machinery to produce cloth (process). Finally, a cloth comes output from the machinery as a finished final product (output).


Click here →Computer System


Click here →Peripherals Devices

Click here →Storage Technology

What is Software?

Software is a set of the program where the program is a set of instructions. Software is a middleman between user and machine. Software is differentiated into two as System Software & Application Software.


1. System Software:- System software uses a computer, which controls the operations of other application software. A major part of System Software is Operating System.

Operating System (OS):- Operating system acts as an interface between user and machine also called a middleman or interpreter. The user can establish a link or communicate with the hardware using Operating System OS is responsible for –

Booting- while starting the computer, the operating system has to be loaded on memory without which application software cannot work. Booting is the process of transferring an operating system from secondary storage to memory. Examples of the operating system are DOS, UNIX, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Etc.


2. Application Software:- Application Software is basically for the use of the user. There are different types of application software available for different types of jobs. To run any application software, the system software is a must but on the other hand system software can be run without application software. Examples of Application Software are WORD, EXCEL, POWERPOINT, etc.